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Algeria
Algeria’s economy shows moderate but steady growth. In 2024, the country recorded real GDP growth of 3.7% and inflation of 4.05%, reflecting a relatively stable macroeconomic environment. With a population of 46.81 million, Algeria’s GDP reached 269.13 billion USD in 2024. Despite these encouraging results, significant development challenges remain. The Human Development Index, at 0.763, indicates a relatively high level of human development, but also shows that progress is still needed in key areas such as education, healthcare, and economic opportunities. In addition, the employment rate for people aged 15 and over is 41.14%: this relatively low level highlights structural issues such as high unemployment, limited private-sector job creation, and difficulties integrating young people and women into the labor market.
GDP nominal
USD 269 billion (2024)
Inflation
4.05% (2024)
Real GDP growth
3.7% (2024)
Employment as a % of population 15+
41.14% (2023)
Population
46.8 million (2024)
Human development index
0.763 (2023)
Investment indicators
Private investment (gross fixed capital formation) as a % of GDP
General government investment (gross fixed capital formation) as a % of GDP
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
Investment landscape
Key sectors
Agriculture
Agriculture is a central pillar of Algeria’s diversification efforts, and although only a small part of the national territory is arable, the country benefits from fertile northern plains, oasis systems and diverse agro ecological zones suitable for cereals, vegetables, fruits and livestock. Productivity remains limited due to low mechanization, insufficient irrigation, climate variability, soil degradation, import dependence for key inputs and underdeveloped rural logistics. Government…
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Oil, Gas and Minerals
Hydrocarbons dominate Algeria’s economic structure and position the country as one of Africa’s leading oil producers and one of the most important natural gas suppliers to Europe. Sonatrach oversees exploration, production, refining and petrochemicals and remains the backbone of the economy. Algeria also holds substantial mineral reserves including phosphates, iron ore, gold, zinc, lead and bentonite, but mining remains underdeveloped due to limited private participation, insufficient…
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Energy
Energy is central to Algeria’s development model. The electricity system is dominated by natural gas which accounts for more than 95% of installed capacity estimated at 25 to 26 GW. Solar and hydropower together represent less than 2% of the mix despite some of the world’s highest solar irradiation levels in the Saharan regions. The national renewable energy strategy aims for 4 000 MW of solar capacity by 2030 and 15 000 MW by 2035, marking a major shift toward cleaner energy sources. The…
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Transport
Transport and logistics play a fundamental role in Algeria’s economic integration and competitiveness. The country has an extensive network of more than 128 000 km of roads including over 7 000 km of highways such as the 1 216 km East West Highway, and more than 4 500 km of railways with planned extensions to mining basins and border regions. Algeria also operates 11 major commercial ports that handle the vast majority of external trade. New logistics hubs, dry ports and multimodal…
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Industry
Industrial development is a central pillar of Algeria’s long term diversification plans. The country hosts significant industrial capacity in food processing, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, steel, cement, mechanical industries, electronics and construction materials. Special Economic Zones and industrial parks aim to attract investment, promote domestic production, support technology transfer and integrate Algeria into global and regional value chains. The digital economy is expanding rapidly…
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